What should the tanker monitor throughout the refueling operation?

The most important aspect for the tanker to monitor throughout the refueling operation is the controller-initiated heading assignments and their concurrence. This is crucial because the tanker must ensure that it maintains the correct flight path and complies with air traffic control instructions during the refueling operation. Coordination with air traffic control minimizes the risks of collisions and ensures that both the tanker and the receiver are operating safely within the designated airspace.

Monitoring heading assignments allows the tanker to adjust its position as needed to maintain a safe and effective refueling setup. This monitoring also facilitates real-time communication with the receiver, enabling both aircraft to make necessary adjustments based on the evolving airspace situation.

While awareness of the receiver's fuel levels, weather conditions, and altitude changes are important, they do not hold the same priority as adhering to controller instructions during the dynamic and potentially high-risk activity of aerial refueling.